Israel was cut off because of idolatry, losing their autonomy to Babylon, then Persia, then Greece, and finally, Rome, which essentially disbanded the whole country.

The annihilation of the country only came when they rejected the LordJesusChrist as MightyGod, Saviour, Lord and King.

Was it a mistake to bring them back into the land before they repented and turned to Christ Jesus?

In general, if you support someone in rebellion, you enable their rebellion.